Complete torsion of gallbladder following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A case study

INTRODUCTION Gallbladder torsion is mainly associated with a floating gallbladder. From an anatomical perspective, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a more optimal treatment than open cholecystectomy. PRESENTATION OF CASE An 84-year-old woman visited the Onomichi General Hospital because of progressive pain in the right upper quadrant of her abdomen. Physical examination revealed a positive Murphy sign and peritoneal irritation. Laboratory data demonstrated that inflammatory marker levels were increased. Abdominal ultrasonography showed that blood flow in the cystic artery was reduced and the gallbladder was swollen. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computerized tomography indicated that the swollen gallbladder was modestly enhanced and the fundus was displaced under the midline and detached from the gallbladder bed. The cystic duct was twisted. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed that the root of the cystic duct was unclear and the extrahepatic bile duct had V-shaped distortion. The gallbladder neck showed a tapering interruption with the common biliary duct. We made a preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder torsion. Accordingly, emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. The intraoperative findings included a dark swollen gallbladder that was twisted in the counterclockwise direction. The patient was discharged without any postoperative complications on day 7. DISCUSSION Combined acute onset of abdominal pain with characteristic radiological findings made it possible to precisely diagnose gallbladder torsion. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be the gold standard treatment for gallbladder torsion after a preoperative diagnosis is made.